NONVERBAL RESEARCH METHODS


I. Goal of methods is to find answers to questions

Describe (what happens) or explain (how it happens) structures, meanings, functions, rules, and physiology

Hypothesis or research question (examples) – see pp. 29-30.

II. Four Principles

1. Explain variance
• rule out rival explanations

2. Repeatability
• more than one observation/observer
• replication

3. Systematic

4. Generalization

III. Types of methods

Manipulation/no manipulation; lab/field

Ways of recording nonverbal behavior


• surveys - expressiveness
• coding system - categories or scales
• field notes
• diaries
• physiological

Applications (structures, meanings, functions, rules, and physiology)

Structures
H: Larger gestures will be remembered the most clearly
RQ: Which nonverbal cues are remembered the most clearly

Meanings
H: Nonverbal presentations that are similar are more meaning.
RQ: What is the relationship between smiling and attraction?

Functions:
H: Speakers who use a greater the number of gestures will create more positive attitudes toward the topic.
RQ: What is the relationship between expressiveness and occupational success?

Rules
H: Following organization nonverbal rules will lead to quicker promotion.
RQ: How do the rules for expressions of liking among friends differ in formal and informal settings?