Introduction to Nonverbal Codes

# of cues - face alone 250,000
• posture: lean, directness, relaxation, mirroring, openness
• gesture: preening or self-grooming (impressions, link to attraction)
• eye behavior: gazing, eye contact, pupil dilation
• smiling and facial expression: importance

Appearance and Adornment

1st impressions

Standard(s) of beauty

Odor - humans have underdeveloped sense of smell and smell very bad.

Body type, skin color, hair (chest, face, etc), adornments

Dress norms (eastern/western)

Intent - do you assume it?

Vocalics

Everything from voice except the words.
Voice qualities - sounds a person makes - part of general voice
• vocalizations - specific sounds.
• voice prints
• inappropriate voice - breathy, tense, breathy-tense, nasal

Contact Codes

Haptics – touch

• biological, community, psychological & sociological
• value in infancy
• touch norms - head, shoulders, arms OK
• cultural differences
• sexual connotations in our culture
• dimensions-locations, duration, frequency, and part used to touch

Proxemics

• Personal space
• Territory
• Space

Time and Place

Chronemics

• Body rhythms – cycles
• mono vs polychronistic
• punctuality

Environment and Artifacts

• objects -- offices, homes
• status markers: briefcases, ties, shoes, belts, watches. What’s in?

These codes are not distinctly different & separable/ packages.